Drug Chemistry

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF PIROGOV UNIVERSITY (MOSCOW, RUSSIA)

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Issue 1, 2026

Topic Specific therapy for measles

Contents

New articles

Stolbov LA, Tarasova OA, Borisevich SS, Gorokhov YV, Zarubaev VV, Poroykov VV

We created classification models to study how the structure of A/H1N1 flu inhibitors relates to their activity (structure-activity relationship (SAR) models). These models rely on a unique machine learning approach known as a self-consistent extreme classifier. The training sample consisted of expert-selected information regarding the structures and biological test outcomes of 2,255 drug-like compounds. Independent variables included the IC50 (50 % inhibitory concentration), the CC50 (half-maximal cytotoxic concentration), and the SI (selectivity index). The structure was described using molecular descriptors called quantitative atomic neighborhoods (QNA). The predictive accuracy (AUC-ROC) for the IC50, CC50, and SI values was 0.822, 0.875, and 0.875, respectively. Evaluation of the developed models on an independent test set of 16 diverse chemical compounds demonstrated a classification accuracy of 63 % for predicting antiviral activity and cytotoxicity. The study shows that original SAR models can be used to select promising drugs to fight the A/H1N1 flu virus before they are made or tested in a lab.

Received: 2026-01-29

Published online: 2026-06-15

DOI: 10.24075/dc.2026.008

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VIEWS 8

Soloveva AE, Kiseleva NM, Gonchar DI, Shmigol TA, Negrebetsky VV

This paper explores the core aspects of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Research shows that the prevalence and effective treatment of this disease are largely underestimated. Globally, about 4 % of the general population suffers from PTSD, representing a significant number of people. The treatment yields minimal results. Evidence suggests that when PTSD persists for more than 12 months, the chances of achieving a successful recovery diminish significantly. Under these circumstances, we must prioritize foundational pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy research. Today, serotonin reuptake inhibitors remain the standard medical treatment. Comparable medications are likely to cause side effects, even though they demonstrate similar or reduced efficacy. Secondary PTSD prevention is an entirely novel therapeutic field. The modulation of the central nervous system allows for the regulation of memory encoding, which may assist in preventing the onset of post-traumatic stress disorder. Finally, the text explores synthetic tetrapeptide analogues, which are molecules that transmit signals to neurons.

Received: 2026-01-21

Published online: 2026-06-14

DOI: 10.24075/dc.2026.007

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VIEWS 14

Kopylova TA, Sokolova AS, Yarovaya OI, Salakhutdinov NF

Despite the clinical success of five boronic acid-based organoboron compounds, the literature highlights a critical gap in our understanding of amine-borane adducts, a highly promising class of boron compounds. The objective of this paper is to classify data regarding the mechanisms of action of existing boron-based pharmaceuticals, while assessing the structural, stability, and biological properties of amine-borane adducts as future therapeutic candidates. This analytical review examines organoborane pharmacophores, specifically analyzing the donor-acceptor properties of the B-N bond and how electronic and steric factors influence them. It also summarizes the in vitro and in vivo pharmacological test results for various amine-boranes, including adducts of alpha amino acids, nucleosides, and heterocyclic amines. The study’s core methodologies included evaluating structural activity relationships and testing antitumor, anti-inflammatory, lipid-lowering, and pain-relieving effects in standard preclinical models (e. g., Ehrlich ascites, L1210, P388, HLB, SW480, and edema/pleurisy models). Additionally, cytotoxicity was measured using ED50 values across various tumor cell lines. In summary, amine-borane complexes are a highly promising class of compounds with proven antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and lipid-lowering properties, which are strongly dictated by their structures. Nevertheless, their successful translation into clinical drugs relies on closely examining the stability of the B-N coordination bond and their reactivity under physiological conditions, including hydrolysis, oxidative stress, and interactions with biological nucleophiles in vivo.

Received: 2025-12-29

Published online: 2026-05-30

DOI: 10.24075/dc.2026.006

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VIEWS 24

Zarubaev VV, Lavrentieva IN

Measles is a severe highly contagious and vaccine-preventable disease. Before the introduction of the measle vaccine in the 1960s, an estimated 30 million cases and over 2 million deaths were recorded annually [1]. In industrialized nations, measles mortality declined during the early 20th century due to economic development, better nutrition, and enhanced supportive care, particularly antibiotic therapy for secondary bacterial pneumonia [2]. Measles mortality rates (MR) range from less than 0.01% to over 5%, largely driven by average age of infection, nutritional status, vaccination coverage, and access to medical care [3]. Measles is the leading cause of mortality among displaced populations (especially in refugee camps), whereas MR among children from major humanitarian crises was estimated at 20–30% [4]. Measles is less severe in vaccinated individuals with weak immune systems, and mortality rates in this group are lower than for measles cases in unvaccinated individuals. Increased vaccination coverage often shifts the burden of disease from average ages toward older adults with severe clinical courses and high MR.

Received: 2026-01-19

Published online: 2026-03-23

DOI: 10.24075/dc.2026.005

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VIEWS 141

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Popular articles

Popov NS, Gavrilenko DA, Baranov MS, Kaurova DE, Myasnyanko IN, Balabanyan VYu, Ivanov DS

Sydnonimines represent a promising class of chemical compounds for the development of new drugs, exhibiting a wide spectrum of pharmacological activity. Due to their ability to release nitric oxide and exert a vasodilatory effect, these compounds are potential candidates for the development of drugs for correcting cerebral circulation disorders. The present study is aimed at optimizing lead compounds of the sydnonimine group to create a drug candidate possessing predominant cerebral vasodilatory activity. The objects of the study were N-(ethoxycarbonyl)sydnonimine derivatives containing various substituents at the 3-position of the 1,2,3-oxadiazole ring. In a pharmacological experiment on rats, using a validated chromatographic-mass spectrometric method, the concentration of lead compounds in blood plasma and brain tissues was assessed after a single intragastric administration, and tissue distribution coefficients were calculated. The mean brain/plasma tissue distribution coefficients significantly differ among the studied substances. Compounds with radicals in their structure such as decyl, octyl, and 4-methylhexan-2-yl (BBP2023) predominate in CNS tissues compared to blood plasma throughout the entire observation period. Among the studied substances, the lead compound BBP2023 is of greatest interest, for which cerebral vasodilatory activity, an optimal pharmacokinetic profile, and pleiotropic effects (procognitive, psychostimulant) have been established. This drug candidate is recommended for further expanded preclinical studies.

Received: 2026-02-16

Published online: 2026-03-13

DOI: 10.24075/dc.2026.003

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VIEWS 374

Melchenko MA, Yarovaya OI

Protecting against ionizing radiation is a critical challenge in medicine and radiobiology due to the increasing use of radiotherapy in oncology and the risk of radiation accidents. The development of effective and safe radioprotective agents remains associated with significant problems and limitations. The paper explores recent data on radioprotectors (preventive agents) and radiomitigators (agents that mitigate the effects of radiation), as well as current problems of their development and application. Classical synthetic aminothiols (amifostine) as well as modern strategies, including proinflammatory cytokine inhibitors (TGF-β), statins, ACE inhibitors, probiotics, and natural antioxidants, were analyzed. Fundamental limitations hindering widespread clinical use including a narrow therapeutic window, toxicity, and lack of selectivity toward healthy tissues during radiation therapy, have been identified. Although an ideal radioprotective drug has not been developed yet, modern research has advanced, shifting focus toward comprehensive radiation mitigation strategies to address delayed effects of radiation exposure.

Received: 2025-11-19

Published online: 2026-03-12

DOI: 10.24075/dc.2026.004

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VIEWS 244